Digital Image Articulator (with Jeffrey Schier, 1976-77) … ”This instrument combined analog functions with digital components for programming and also contained an ALU (arithmetic logic unit) which translated signals into logical utterances. Suddenly, it became obvious that a new area was being born which required a new language. The main feature of the DIA is that it processes encoded images in real-time, converts the analog images into digital ones before the numerical content of the images can be analyzed and the syntactical relationships discovered. The disputants stress the importance of real time because their aim is to observe and modify the behavior of the image. They concentrate on the features which are inaccessible to cinema as for example, real-time feedback or frame as dynamic time event. For the Vašulkas, frame management and time architecture were to become the decisive features for working with the electronic image.”